Changes in penetration resistance of a clay field with organic waste applications

Authors : Coşkun GÜLSER, Feride CANDEMİR

Pages : 16-21

View : 31 | Download : 6

Publication Date : 2012-03-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Effects of manure insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(M);, hazelnut husk insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HH);, tobacco insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TW); and tea insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TEW); wastes on penetration resistance insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(PR); values in a clay field were determined after 8 months of organic wastes were incorporated into soil at four different rates insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0, 2, 4 and 6 %); in a randomized plot design with three replicates. While bulk density insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BD);, relative saturation insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(RS); and PR values decreased, mean weight diameter insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MWD);, total porosity insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F);, gravimetric water insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(W); and organic matter insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(OM); contents of the clay soil increased with increasing the application rates of organic wastes. While the lowest PR insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.72 MPa); was determined in the highest application rate of HH which had the highest C:N ratio, the highest PR insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1.72 MPa); was in the control. According to the control treatment, decreases in mean values of PR by the organic waste applications were in the following order; HH insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(52.10%); > TEW insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(42.07%); > TOW insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(30.73%); > M insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(25.17 %);. PR values gave significant negative correlations with F insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(-0.551**);, W insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(-0.439**); and MWD insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(-0.509**);, and significant positive correlations with BD insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.550**); and RS insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.374*);. Total porosity showed the highest direct effect insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(62.39%); on PR. The higher indirect effects of the other properties on PR were also obtained via F. Applications of the same doses of different organic wastes had different effects on the PR values with changing the structure of clay soil due to their C:N ratios.
Keywords :