LSTM-Based Deep Learning Methods for Prediction of Earthquakes Using Ionospheric Data

Authors : Rayan ABRİ, Harun ARTUNER

Pages : 1417-1431

Doi:10.35378/gujs.950387

View : 16 | Download : 4

Publication Date : 2022-12-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The ionosphere may play an essential role in the atmosphere and earth. Solar flares due to coronal mass ejection, seismic movements, and geomagnetic activity cause deviations in the ionosphere. The main parameter for investigating the structure of the ionosphere is Total Electron Content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TEC);. TEC values obtained from GPS stations are a powerful technique for analyzing the ionospheric response to earthquakes and solar storms. This article analyzes the relations between earthquakes and TEC data to detect earthquakes. Our goal is to propose a prediction model to detect earthquakes in previous days. The ionospheric variability during moderate and severe earthquake events of varying strengths for 2012-2019 is discussed in this paper. The proposed models use LSTM-based insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Long Short-Term Memory); deep learning models to classify earthquake days by analyzing TEC values of the last days. The LSTM-Based prediction models are compared against the SVM insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Support Vector Machine);, LDA insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Linear Discriminant Analysis); classifier and Random Forest classifier to evaluate the proposed models based on earthquake prediction. The results reveal that the proposed models improve in detecting the earthquakes at an accuracy rate of about 0.82 and can be used as a successful tool for detecting earthquakes based on the previous days. 
Keywords : Ionosphere, Total electron content, Lstm, Deep neural networks