Biological activities and chemical composition of Xanthoria lichens from Turkey

Authors : Muzaffer MÜKEMRE, Gokhan ZENGİN, Rabia Sena TÜRKER, Ali ASLAN, Abdullah DALAR

Pages : 376-388

Doi:10.21448/ijsm.994427

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Publication Date : 2021-12-26

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study presents the biopharmaceutical potential and bioactive composition of Xanthoria lichens insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(X. candelaria, X. elegans, X. parietina); that wildly grown and traditionally utilized as medicine in North Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, which has specific microclimatic and ecological zones. Chromatographic findings revealed significant levels of parietin compound insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(35 to 49 mg/g extract);, low levels of various fatty acids and a volatile compound; α-terpinene in the extracts. The extracts exhibited pronounced antioxidant potential through reducing and scavenging mechanisms; FCR: 33-38 mg gallic acid equivalent, FRAP: 511-815 µ mol Fe2+, ORAC: 1032-1355 µ mol Trolox equivalent per gram extract, respectively and DPPH: IC50: 1.1-2.7, ABTS: IC50: 2-2.3, CUPRAC: IC50: 0.7-1.2, phosphomolybdenum: IC50: 2-2.9, metal chelation: IC50: 1.3-2.3 mg extract/ml, respectively. Concerning enzyme inhibitory activities, the extracts effectively suppressed the activity of acetylcholinesterase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 0.5-0.75 mg/ml);, butyrylcholinesterase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 0.7-1.1 mg/ml);, tyrosinase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 0.6-0.7 mg/ml);, amylase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 1.7-2 mg/ml);, glucosidase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 0.6-3 mg/ml); and lipase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50: 55-79 µg/ml); enzymes. These findings showed that Xanthoria lichens are dominated by parietin as the major key compound and high-tolerated lichen taxa towards to different ecological and climatic conditions. These lichens might be promising sources of novel antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities such as Xanthoria candelaria as antioxidant and antilipase, Xanthoria elegans as anticholinesterase, and Xanthoria parietina as antiamylase and antiglucosidase.
Keywords : Xanthoria, Bioactives, Antioxidant, Enzyme inhibition, Natural agent