المدارس العثمانية ودورها في العملية العلمية في بيت المقدس (1874 - 2019)

Authors : مروان محمد حمدان يوسف الأقرع

Pages : 103-118

Doi:10.31456/beytulmakdis.690704

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Publication Date : 2020-06-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :: Bayt al-Maqdis is considered one of the most important cities in being given high priority by the Ottoman Empire with the beginning of the Ottoman organisational and administrative reforms. The municipal council was formed after the capital Istanbul had been formed, which clearly shows the great status of the city and the extent of the interest it received from the Ottoman Empire, which declared the city and its subdivision an independent Mutessarifat in 1874, to be administratively linked with the capital Istanbul directly. This interest was also reflected in the establishment of a number of modern schools, which included various primary, elementary and secondary stages, through which they tried to reform the educational reality in the city, which witnessed great competition between the European countries that sponsored Christian churches and the Zionist movement, and were working to attract students for missionary and ideological purposes. The Ottoman government’s schools and private schools that existed during the Ottoman rule contributed to the dissemination of knowledge in the city and had a major role in making the city at the forefront of Palestinian cities in terms of the number of schools and the number of students. These schools remained functioning until 1917 - the date of the fall of the city to the British occupation that had tried to empty the city of its population to facilitate its delivery to the Zionist movement, making schools at the forefront of its target list. The aim of this study is to introduce these schools that have survived to the present day in terms of their establishment and development and to highlight the role these schools play in the educational and cultural processes of the city by reference to various historical sources and Ottoman records and archives of these schools. This will lead to a greatest understanding of the scientific, cultural and educational impact that these schools have had since the date of their establishment to the present day.
Keywords : Ottoman Empire, Education, Bayt al Maqdis, British occupation, Zionist Occupation