Chemical and Physical Investigations of Arabian Eye Kohl Brands as Cosmetic in Libya

Authors : Maher Mohamed Abed Elaziz, Mohamed Ammar Khalifa, Rabia Alhadi Ghariani, Hasan Daw Ashtawi Mohamed, Mahmud Ashtewi S. Ashtewi

Pages : 463-476

Doi:10.18596/jotcsa.287343

View : 10 | Download : 5

Publication Date : 2017-01-09

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Three Arabian eye kohl brands were analyzed for the presence of lead and cadmium using atomic absorption spectroscopy insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(AAS); and X-ray diffraction techniques. In this work, the chemical analysis of the samples were studied according to concentration of heavy metals, solubility in different medium, reaction with KI, moisture and organic contents. XRD pattern proposed the presence of some crystalline material in an amorphous background for all investigated brands. Atomic absorption spectroscopy insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(AAS); showed that the average percentage of Pb was in the range 0.2411 to 6.173 %; and from zero to 0.0019 % for Cd. The maximum concentration of Pb and Cd was found in Natural Arab Kohl insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NAK); sample and is equal to 30.865 mg/g and 9.50 µg/g respectively. The minimum concentration of heavy metal was found in Natural Black Al-Athmod Kohl insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NBAK); sample. Moisture was present in a very low percent insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(~ 1%); while organics was being in a reasonable amount insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(maximum ≤  69 %);. All eye kohl brands are soluble in acidic medium with different proportions and forms yellow precipitate of PbI2 when react with KI which is considered as a chemical evidence for the presence of lead.
Keywords : Eye Kohl, lead, cadmium, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry AAS,