Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. against MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Authors : Asseel AZAAT, Georget BABOJİAN, Nizar ISSA

Pages : 295-310

Doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1021449

View : 13 | Download : 15

Publication Date : 2022-02-28

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. is an annual herb producing toxic latex. To our knowledge, this study is the first one that focuses on accurately identifying the bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia and evaluating its antioxidant and anti-breast cancer activities. Phytochemical qualitative screening tests were performed. Total phenolic contents insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TPC); and total flavonoid contents insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TFC); were determined by Folin Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia latex were identified by using GC-MS analysis. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays, and anticancer activity of latex against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was studied using flow cytometry methods. Results revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, diterpenes, steroids, and cardiac glycosides in the plant, whereas saponins were absent. Latex outperformed methanolic 70% extract in terms of TPC and TFC insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(39.52 ± 0.36 mg GAE/g E and 28.66 ± 0.10 mg RE/g E, respectively);. GC-MS analysis of E. hyssopifolia latex resulted in the identification of 26 compounds, of which triterpenoids constitute 67.0172%, followed by lupeol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(23.7089%); and betulin insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(14.0098%);. According to the reference studies, most of the compounds found in latex have many biological activities. Latex outperformed all extracts and ascorbic acid in terms of antioxidant activity insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IC50= 0.029 mg/mL for DPPH, IC50= 0.001 mg/mL for ABTS);. Flow cytometry methods revealed that E. hyssopifolia latex induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(61%); and apoptosis insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(21.93%); of MDA-MB-231 cells after treating with latex at 10 µg/mL for 24 hours. However, more studies should be performed to explore bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia and determine the underlying mechanism of its latex anti-breast cancer effects.
Keywords : Euphorbia hyssopifolia L, phenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, apoptosis, necrosis