- Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry
- Volume:10 Issue:1
- Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Using KOH/Al2O3 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst
Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Using KOH/Al2O3 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors : Ibrahim Yaagoub ERWA, Asmo HASSAN, Razan SALİM, Omer ISHAG, Maysoon AHMED
Pages : 217-226
Doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1163670
View : 10 | Download : 4
Publication Date : 2023-02-28
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :The catalytic performance of potassium hydroxide supported on alumina insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(KOH/Al2O3); for transesterification of waste cooking oil insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(WCO); was investigated. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the catalyst after it had been synthesized using the wet impregnation method. The properties of the WCO and the produced biodiesel were evaluated. The main fatty acids of WCO were linoleic insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(45.61%);, elaidic insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(33.86%);, palmitic insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10.32%);, and stearic acid insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4.80%);, the acid value insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2.29 mg KOH/g);, FFA insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1.15%);, density at 25 °C insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.91 g/cm3);, viscosity at 40 °C insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(34.09 mm2/s);, water content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.0017%);, and flash point insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(206 °C);. The XRD pattern of the catalyst showed diffraction peaks of KAlO2 attributed to the orthorhombic crystal system having a 12.46% degree of crystallinity. The SEM micrographs confirmed the amorphous nature of the catalyst. The presence of K–O and Al–O bonds in the catalyst was confirmed by the FTIR. A biodiesel yield of 86.6% was achieved with the following variables: oil to methanol ratio of 1:4, catalyst loading of 1.5% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(w/v%);, reaction temperature of 55 °C, and a reaction time of 1 h. The results appeared to show a decreasing pattern of yield after 4 cycles of reaction from 86.60 to 51.50%. The fuel properties were density insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.8919 g/cm3);, viscosity insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(7.428 cSt);, flash point insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(65 °C);, acid number insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.54 mg KOH/g); and water content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.0196%);. Furthermore, the properties of the prepared biodiesel have been found to comply with the ASTM and EN standard specifications. This catalyst showed promising results for manufacturing biodiesel from low-cost feedstock.Keywords : Biodiesel, waste cooking oil, catalytic performance, Heterogeneous catalyst, wet impregnation