The effects of different temperatures and diets on the biology of Cales noacki Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the citrus woolly whitefly

Authors : Gonca VATANSEVER SAKİN, M. Rifat ULUSOY

Pages : 267-275

View : 11 | Download : 6

Publication Date : 2009-06-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The biology of Cales noacki Howard insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae);, a particular parasitoid of the woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus Maskell insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae);, was investigated under laboratory conditions, where the effects of different temperatures [18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 18/26, 26/34 °C] and the longevity of adults on different diets [sugar water insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10%);, water with honey insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10%);, water, honeydew of A. floccosus, 1st instar larvae of A. floccosus, or no food] were observed. The longest developmental time of C. noacki was identified at 18 °C insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 49.0 and M: 48.5 days); and the shortest time was at 26 and 30 °C constant temperatures insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 19.1, 18.5 and M: 19.0, 18.9 days);. The developmental threshold of the parasitoid was calculated as 10.0 °C and the total effective temperature was 384.6 degree-days. The longest lifespan of adult individuals was at 18 °C insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 8.6 and M: 8.3 days); and the shortest was under the fluctuating temperature of 26-34 °C insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 6.2 and M: 6.2 days);. The preoviposition period of C. noacki females lasted about 0.8 days, the oviposition period was about 6.4 days, and females parasitized an average of 37.4 hosts during this period. The lifespan of the adults was the longest when fed sugar water insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10%); insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 7.4 and M: 7.0 days); and the shortest, when without a nutrient insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(F: 1.1 and M: 1.3 days);.
Keywords : Cales noacki, temperature, developmental time, lifespan, diet