Detection of Four Apple Viruses by ELISA and RT-PCR Assays in Turkey

Authors : Kadriye ÇAĞLAYAN, Çiğdem Ulubaş SERÇE, Mona GAZEL

Pages : 241-246

View : 13 | Download : 6

Publication Date : 2006-07-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Plant samples were collected from the main apple growing provinces of Turkey in order to evaluate the incidence of 4 important apple virus diseases during spring 2004. Collected leaves and shoots were tested using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ELISA); and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(RT-PCR); for Apple mosaic virus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ApMV);, Apple stem grooving virus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ASGV); and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ACLSV);. Since no commercial antiserum is available, Apple stem pitting virus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ASPV); was tested only using RT-PCR and the results were compared. A total of 174 apple samples were collected from varietal collections belonging to governmental and university institutions and also from commercial orchards. Out of 174 plants, 126 were infected by at least one virus disease. The incidence of the 4 viruses in varietal collections was 70.21%, while it was 75.00% in commercial orchards. The results obtained from the comparison of ELISA and RT-PCR in this study showed that with the RT-PCR technique 8.6% more samples were positive for ACLSV, ASGV and ASPV. Mixed infections were also very common in both varietal and commercial orchards. Among the mixed infections, the most common one was ASPV + ACLSV insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(84.21%);, followed by ASPV + ASGV insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(36.84%);, ACLSV + ASGV insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(26.32%); and ASPV + ApMV insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(5.26%);. The incidence of the ASPV + ASGV + ACLSV combination was 26.32%. The number of plants infected with any viruses was higher when tested using RT-PCR comparing to ELISA. This study showed that apple virus diseases, especially on symptomless trees, were very common in different provinces of Turkey and RT-PCR can be successfully applied in certification programs of pome fruit trees.
Keywords : Apple, virus, RT PCR, ELISA, Turkey