Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Cotyledons of Apomictic and Non-Apomictic Seeds in Walnut (Juglans regia L.)

Authors : Bekir SAN, Hatice DUMANOGLU

Pages : 111-117

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Publication Date : 2006-03-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Somatic embryogenesis from immature cotyledons of apomictic and open-pollinated seeds in some walnut insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Juglans regia L.); genotypes was investigated. To obtain apomictic seeds, female flowers were bagged and/or pollinated with pollen of the apple cv. `Golden Delicious` insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Malus x domestica Borkh.);. The best cotyledon stage for somatic embryogenesis was determined in open-pollinated seeds of 10 walnut genotypes. Immature cotyledons were cultured 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 weeks after anthesis. As a result of this experiment, cotyledons of seeds thought to be of apomictic origin were cultured 8 weeks after anthesis. Driver and Kuniyuki walnut insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(DKW); medium supplemented with 1 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BAP);, 2 mg l-1 kinetin, 0.01 mg l-1 indole-3-butyric acid insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IBA); and 250 mg l-1 L-glutamine was used in initial cultures. Explants were transferred to DKW medium without growth regulators and L-glutamine in subcultures. The percentage of embryogenic cotyledons that originated from apomictic and non-apomictic seeds ranged from 3.6% to 25% and the number of embryos per cotyledon ranged from 1 to 9.7 at the end of the fourth subculture. A repetitively embryogenic embryo line originating from immature cotyledons of apomictic seeds of the Tokat-1 walnut genotype was maintained by secondary embryogenesis.
Keywords : Walnut, Juglans regia L, somatic embryogenesis, immature cotyledon, apomictic seed