Effects of climatic factors on grain vitreousness stability and heritability in durum wheat

Authors : Gordana R. BRANKOVIC, Dejan DODIG, Miroslav Z. ZORIC, Gordana G. SURLAN-MOMIROVIC

Pages : 429-440

Doi:10.3906/tar-1308-51

View : 11 | Download : 10

Publication Date : 2014-08-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Modern durum wheat breeding programs are becoming more oriented toward creation of not only high-yield cultivars but also high quality, with good stability for the trait of interest. Vitreousness of grain is associated with semolina granulation, color, and protein content; it is regarded as one of the most important characteristics in the grading industry, affecting the commercial value of the commodity. A set of 15 winter and facultative durum wheat genotypes was tested for grain vitreousness across 6 environments for 2 consecutive years. Three-way analysis of variance showed that genotype, location, and year contributed 4.1%, 20.6%, and 42.2% to the total sum of squares, respectively. Interaction terms, including genotype, contributed 6.1% to the total sum of squares, and location x year contributed 27.0%. Stability of grain vitreousness for the examined breeding lines and cultivars of durum wheat was shown by the site`s regression. Broad-sense heritability of grain vitreousness was estimated to be 71%. Climatic variables were used for factorial regression modeling, and most of the interaction term for grain vitreousness was explained by mean temperatures in June insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(54.4%); and April insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(14.2%);, and precipitation insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(14.4%); and sunshine hours insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(14.3%); in March. During the grain filling and grain ripening stages, the most influential climatic variables in explaining interaction were maximum temperature insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(43.4%);, precipitation insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(30.9%);, and sunshine hours insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(5.6%);.
Keywords : Durum wheat, climatic factors, heritability, stability, vitreousness