Devonian-Carboniferous brachiopods and biostratigraphic findings from the Kangal Phyllite-Slate Formation (greenschist), Sivas, Turkey

Authors : Cazibe SAYAR, Ali Seydi GÜLTEKİN, Simav BARGU, Esra ALKAN

Pages : 1-37

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Publication Date : 0000-00-00

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The Kangal Phyllite-Slate Formation forms the basement rocks in Kangal-Çetinkaya-Alacahan-Divriği insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Sivas);. These late Paleozoic phyllite-slate associations occupy a large area, possibly composed of Early Paleozoic sediments in its lower part. The lower levels insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Bakırtepe Metaquartzite Member; 0-500 m); and uppermost levels comprise the Düzce Recrystallized Limestone Member insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0-25 m);. The lower boundary is invisible and the upper boundary is unconformably overlain by the Kıratgediği Limestone insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(late Jurassic- early Cretaceous);. The studied brachiopod fauna, about 400 specimens, was collected from the 150-m-thick uppermost part of the greenschist sequences in the Kulluk Hill area, Elkondu village, 25 km east of Kangal. Some bryozoans, corals, trilobites, and crinoids were also retrieved. Five fossiliferous levels belonging to the lower, middle, and upper Devonian, and the lower Carboniferous stages were assigned as follows: insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1); Pragian-Emsian; insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2); Eifelian-Givetian; insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(3); Fransian-Famennian-Etroeungtian insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Strunian);; the Devonian- Carboniferus boundary; insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4); lower Carboniferus: Tournaisian and Viséan stages, based on the brachiopods; and insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(5); upper Permian: from Roadian to Capitanian stages, based on the foraminifera and algae in the Düzce recrystallized limestone. This level indicates a sedimentary interruption. All of these fossils and fossiliferous beds were correlated with the type localities and related beds. The Kangal brachiopods are similar to those of Şafaktepe, the Gümüşali Formations insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(middle and upper Devonian);, and the Ziyarettepe Formation insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(lower Carboniferous); of the eastern Taurides. The brachiopod community is closely affiliated with the Mediterranean, northwest European Faunal Provinces, part of the Transcaucasian Region, and microfossils of the Düzce recrystallized limestone belonging to the Tethyan Region. Brachiopod fauna and lithologic characteristics of the formation suggest that the upper insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(150 m); greenschist sequences were deposited in an open shelf environment under warm sea conditions in the Late Paleozoic era.
Keywords : Greenschist, Devonian Carboniferous, Brachiopoda, biostratigraphy, Sivas, Turkey