Effect of spotters on state anxiety and self-confidence during maximal squatting among male high school athletes

Authors : Drew RYKERT, Chad HARRİS, Kent J. ADAMS, Mark DEBELİSO

Pages : 37-42

View : 11 | Download : 7

Publication Date : 2017-09-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The ideal performance state is manifested by psychological and physiological efficiency. The psychological effects of anxiety and self-confidence has been shown to alter the efficiency of performance. This study attempted to identify the state anxiety and self-confidence of high school athletes just prior to a one repetition maximum insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1-RM); back squat and determine if the number of spotters affects an athlete’s level of state anxiety and/or self-confidence. Male high school athletes insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10 th and 11 th grades); were randomly separated into two experimental groups who performed the 1-RM back squat insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BSQ); with either 1 spotter insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1SG: n=52); or 3 spotters insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(3SG: n=54);. Following a dynamic warm-up period and several progressive BSQ warm-up sets, and just prior to attempts at a 1-RM BSQ, the participants completed the revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CSAI-2R);. The CSAI-2R included the number of spotters insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1 or 3); that would be present during the subsequent 1-RM BSQ attempts. The CSAI-2R is a17-question instrument with three subscales insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(self-confidence, somatic anxiety, and cognitive anxiety);. The subscale scores were compared between the 1SG and 3SG with an independent t-test insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(alpha≤0.05);. None of the subscales insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(self-confidence, somatic anxiety, and cognitive anxiety); were significantly different between the 1SG and 3SG experimental groups insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p>0.05);. Within the parameters of this study, the number of spotters present during the execution of the 1-RM BSQ had no practical or statistical impact on self-confidence, somatic anxiety, and cognitive anxiety. Coaches and athletes could use this information in the training environment in order to make best use of personnel insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(assigned to spotting tasks);, physical resources insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ex. squat racks);, and time management.
Keywords : CSAI 2, self confidence, somatic, state anxiety