Errorless and errorful learning: the effect on the discrete throwing task

Authors : Abdul Muiz NOR AZMI, Jatifah GESIKIN, Brynoth ALARICK LARRY

Pages : 157-163

Doi:10.31459/turkjkin.809194

View : 10 | Download : 8

Publication Date : 2020-12-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The current study aimed to investigate the effect of errorless learning insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ELL); and errorful learning insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(EFL); on a discrete aiming task insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(dart-throwing);. Thirty university students insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(male, n = 15; female, n = 15); with age of 22 ± 2.0 years old insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(M = 21.2; SD = 1.08); without any prior experience in dart-throwing participated in this study. After the pre-experimental evaluation, participants were randomly assigned into two groups insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ELL and EFL group); by matched-pair design. There were three phases in the study, which were the acquisition, retention, and transfer phases. Both groups did not receive any instructions regarding the dart-throw. The results of variable error showed that there was a significant reduction in the ELL group over trials seemed to indicate that participants in ELL can utilize the learning to become more consistent in dart-throwing performance compared to the EFL group. The results in retention and transfer phases showed that the ELL group performed with significantly less error than the EFL group. The ELL group practiced with errorless learning performed with increased consistency during the retention phase compared to participants who practiced with errorful learning. The study concluded that implicit learning in errorless learning has been beneficial for the individual to get better dart-throwing performance as it can reduce the errors and lower cognitive demand when performing the task.
Keywords : cognitive demand, dart throw, errorful learning, errorless learning, motor learning