Evaluation of the Chemotherapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plant Mespilus germanica Fruit Extract: Cell Death Pathways and DNA Damage Mechanism

Authors : Veysel Yüksek, Gül Görmez

Pages : 202-207

Doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1556349

View : 38 | Download : 30

Publication Date : 2024-11-28

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Plant extracts are a mixture of natural complex compounds containing various biological activities, including anticancer properties. The fact that they have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs has made plant extracts an important strategy in cancer treatment The purpose of this study was to explore the chemotherapeutic potential of Mespilus germanica (medlar) fruit extract. The compound content of the extract was determined by HPLC. The proliferative concentration (PRO) and the concentration inhibiting the proliferation of half of the cells (IC50) were determined by the MTT viability test. PRO and IC50 concentrations were treated to A549 lung cancer cells for 48 hours. The study groups were determined as 3 groups: control, PRO, and IC50. Total mRNA was obtained from the cells by using the Trizol Reagent-chloroform method. cDNA synthesis was performed from total mRNA. mRNA gene expression levels of programmed cell death markers were detected by RT-qPCR. For all group studies, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. It was detected in the extract content analysis, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, and gallic acid polyphenolic compounds. As a result of MTT, IC50 was detected at 540 μg/ml, and PRO was 100 μg/ml. It was revealed that IC50 concentration significantly increased (p<0.05) the expression of ATG5 (autophagic) and RIPK1 (necrotic) genes. In addition, it was observed that the expression of proteases Caspase-8, BAX, Apaf-1, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and Caspase-7, as well as genes associated with genotoxic damage, PARP-1 and P53, increased significantly (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that Mespilus germanica triggered the programmed cell death pathways in the A549 cancer cell line. It was concluded that adequate consumption of Mespilus germanica fruit can reduce or inhibit cancer cell proliferation. An experimental administration with an in vivo phase should be administered to reveal these results definitively.
Keywords : DNA hasarı, Hücre ölüm yolağı, Kanser, Mespilus Germanica