The utility of faecal calprotectin, ECP, IL-5 and IL-13 in the diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis

Authors : Sibel Laçinel Gürlevik, Faruk Beser, Nuray Kepil, Dildar Konukoğlu, Sibel Erdamar, Tufan Kutlu, Fugen Cullu, Tulay Erkan

Pages : 175-181

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Publication Date : 2024-06-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Objectives: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a Th2, antigen driven disease in which chronic, eosinophilic inflammation results with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. There are many diseases in the differential diagnosis, the most important one is peptic esophagitis (PE). We aimed to investigate the use of fecal calprotectin, ECP, IL-5 and IL-13 in distinguishing these two diseases and in the diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis. Methods: 64 children who had gastroscopic examination and who had macroscopic and/or microscopic pathologic findings compatible with EoE or PE were enrolled. The FC level, complete blood count, C reactive protein (CRP), eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), total immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE, IL-5, IL-13 were studied and compared with healthy controls (HCs). Results: The eosinophil number, CRP, total IgE, serum IL-5, IL-13 and FC levels were significantly higher in the EoE group compared to the HCs (P<0.05). The leukocyte count, AEC, CRP, total IgE, ECP and serum IL-5 levels were significantly higher in the EoE group compared to the PE group (P<0.05). The FC level was higher in patients with EoE than ones with PE but there was no statistically significant difference (P=0.055). Total IgE value (r=0.489) and ECP (r=0.810) were correlated with the tissue eosinophil count in EoE (P=0.001; <0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that FC and ECP can be used in the differential diagnosis of EoE. However, more studies including a higher number of patients are needed to use FC as a diagnostic marker widely in clinical practice.
Keywords : eozinofilik, özofajit, çocuklar, kalprotektin, ECP