Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against ketamine -and MK-801-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells: From the perspective of glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia

Authors : Gokhan UNAL, Beyza ERDOĞAN

Pages : 178-182

Doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.734422

View : 19 | Download : 14

Publication Date : 2020-06-29

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Objective: Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder with approximately 1% prevalence and related to disrupted neurodevelopment process. It has been known that N-methyl D-Aspartate insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NMDA); receptor antagonists such as ketamine and MK-801 mimic schizophrenia-like behaviors in rodents and cellular changes in cell culture. There are certain preliminary reports showing the beneficial effects of Nigella sativa L. extracts or its main active ingredient, thymoquinone, on psychiatric disorders. In our study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against ketamine- and MK-801- induced neurotoxicites, which may be relevant to schizophrenia. Methods: The neurotoxic concentrations of ketamine and MK-801, and non-toxic concentrations of thymoquinone were determined by 3-insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl);-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MTT); test at the 24th hour of administrations in SH-SY5Y cells. Seven different concentrations of thymoquinone insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.5 µM, 1 µM, 2.5 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 30 µM); were tested against two different concentrations of ketamine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(250 µg/ml, 500 µg/ml); and one concentration of MK-801 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(100 µM);. Results: Ketamine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(250 µg/ml and 500 µg/ml); and MK-801 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(100 µM); decreased insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P<0.05); the cellular viabilities at the 24 hour of administrations. Thymoquinone pretreatment prevented insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P<0.05); the decrease of cell viabilities against ketamine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(250 µg/ml); and ketamine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(500 µg/ml); at 1 uM, 2.5 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, and 2.5 µM concentrations, respectively. Thymoquinone pretreatment also increased insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P<0.05); cell viability compared to MK-801. Conclusion: We suggested that thymoquinone had neuroprotective effects on the NMDA receptor antagonists induced neurotoxicity and encourage researchers for further in vivo studies for schizophrenia.
Keywords : Thymoquinone, ketamine, MK 801, SH SY5Y cells, schizophrenia