Eskatolojî, di Edebiyata Kurdî de Numûneyên Wê û Nû-varyanteke “Beyta Sekeratê”

Authors : Ayhan TEK

Pages : 15-43

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Publication Date : 2021-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :From different fields of art to philosophy and religion, death has been an important subject in human history. Since it is beyond human understanding, different works of literature have emerged for the sake of its comprehension. Particularly, in the field of metaphysics and theology, the secrets of death have been pursued, some also attempted to provide answers for this mystery. Therefore, a wide range of theological, philosophical, and literal texts have survived to the present day. The collection of these texts and the studies on them contributed to the development of eschatology. Among the eschatological texts, subjects such as “metaphysical journey”, “traveling to another realm” and “journey to the afterlife” come fore which also form the main subject of this study. A rich background has been formed with a large amount of eschatological literature, such as The Epic of Gilgamesh, tales about Prophet Mohammed’s ascension and his journey to Heaven and Hell, Ardavirafname which describes the journey of a Zoroastrian saint to Heaven and Hell, the epic of Cimcime Sultan, “The Divine Comedy” of Dante, and etc. Indeed, this background has been merged with myths and rituals, and by going through the changes in the motifs, myths, and rituals of different cultures, it became deeper and wider. In this regard, in Kurdish literature, it is also possible to observe such myths and rituals which have also been written as independent texts. Among them, the epic of Cimcime Sultan, the different versions of “Beyta Qiyametê” and “Beyta Sekeratê” are outstanding examples, which manifest themselves in this eschatological background. In this study, the Kurdish examples, such as Feqe Reşîd’s Sirru’l-Mehşer, different versions of Cimcime Sultan, Mela Yasin Yusri’s Bexçeya Jiyana Piştî Mirinê will be evaluated as eschatological works. Also, the unpublished texts of “Beyta Sekeratê” will be assessed in comparison to the other versions of it. Thus, the Kurdish eschatological literature will be introduced and its texts will be analyzed.
Keywords : Eschatology, Death, Mythology, Theology, Apocalypse