Characteristics of Anaphylactic Reactions in Children: Findings from a Pediatric Allergy Clinic

Authors : Fatih Çiçek, Ugur Altas, Zeynep Meva Altaş, Ayşen Çetemen, Mehmet Yaşar Özkars

Pages : 92-96

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Publication Date : 2023-10-15

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Abstract Background/Aims: Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by rapidly developing multisystem involvement. By systematically evaluating the clinical features of anaphylaxis patients, we can obtain valuable information about the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of this life-threatening condition in children. Materials and Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2022, data regarding patients aged 0-18 years who presented to the Pediatric Allergy Clinic with the diagnosis of \'unspecified anaphylactic shock\' were retrospectively screened, and a total of 186 patients with a history of anaphylaxis were included in the study. The patients\' age at diagnosis, gender, allergy history, the potential allergen-causing anaphylaxis, and clinical manifestations during anaphylactic episodes were evaluated as part of the study. Results: Of the patients, 55.4% were male, and the median age was 5.0 years. The probable allergen triggering anaphylaxis was food in 41.9% of patients, drugs in 40.3%, bee venom in 7.5%, and idiopathic in 10.2%. Among food triggers, tree nuts were the most common (35.9%), while antibiotics were the most common probable allergens among drugs. 24.7% of the patients had a known allergy history. Respiratory system involvement was observed in 85.5% of the patients, skin-mucosa involvement was observed in 82.3%, gastrointestinal system involvement was observed in 50%, and cardiovascular system involvement was observed in 4.3%. Conclusion: Evaluating the clinical characteristics of anaphylaxis patients is of great importance in enhancing our understanding and clinical approach to this complex hypersensitivity reaction in children. This approach aims to optimize the diagnosis, proper management, and prevention of anaphylactic reactions, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and improved quality of life for children.
Keywords : Anafilaksi, ilaç alerjisi, adrenalin, gıda kaynaklı anafilaksi