Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activity of Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algal) Toxin BMAA in Human Lymphocyte Cells

Authors : Arif AYAR, Deniz ALTUN COLAK, Handan UYSAL, Vahit KONAR

Pages : 8-14

View : 16 | Download : 6

Publication Date : 2019-08-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Cyanobacteria, one of the oldest life forms, are also known as blue-green algae. Many species of cyanobacteria produce metabolites called cyanotoxin, which are classified as hepatotoxins, neurotoxins and cytotoxins and are highly toxic to vertebrate organisms. One of these toxins is the Beta-N-methyl-amino-L-alanine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BMAA);. Blooms insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(large numbers or colonies); of the cyanobacteria or related organisms produce one or more toxins that can be dangerous to fish, wild animals and humans. There is not enough information in the literature related to the genotoxic effect of this toxin. In this study, it was aimed to determine investigation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of cyanobacterial toxin BMAA in human lymphocyte cells by micronucleus assay. Different concentrations insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(20, 10, 5 and 1 μg/ml); of BMAA cyanotoxin were applied to human lymphocyte cell culture and micronucleus frequencies insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MN); and nuclear division index insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NDI); were calculated to determine genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. The data obtained from our study were compared with the negative control group prepared with dimethyl sulfoxide insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(DMSO); and with the well known ethyl methanesulfonate insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(EMS); with genotoxic effect and positive control group. According to these results; increasing the frequency of micronucleus according to the whole control negative control group that we used BMAA was not statistically significant compared with the EMS insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(positive control group); insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p>0.05);. However, no significant cytotoxic effect was found when the results of the NDI were examined insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p>0.05);. 
Keywords : Cyanobacteria, Genotoxicity, BMAA, Micronucles